If
you want to find out for sure, try smelling the discharge alone, without the
panty. It is not abnormal to have a small amount of vaginal discharge during
the reproductive years. The normal vaginal discharge is clear or white that
helps to drain out the old cells and bacteria from inside the vagina. In other
words, the normal vaginal discharge helps to keep the vagina clean. So, vaginal
discharge is nothing, but the fluid produced by the cervix, uterus, and the
vagina. This discharge is usually clear or whitish in color, but can turn a bit
yellowish on drying, which is quite normal. What is not normal is a change in
the color of vaginal discharge and a foul odor. Such a vaginal discharge can
cause itching or burning sensation as well as irritation. So, if you have
noticed yellow smelly discharge, then it could be a sign of infection or
inflammation. Bacterial Vaginosis It is a condition in which the bacteria
normally present in the vagina are outnumbered by other bacteria that do not
normally inhabit the vaginal tract. It is well-known that the vagina is
colonized, under normal circumstances, by many species of bacteria. The most
common ones belong to the genus Lactobacillus. The other genera whose bacteria
are found in the vagina are Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Proteus,
Corynebacterium, and several others. When disease-causing bacteria increase in
number, they cause discomfort, pain, and other manifestations of their
presence, all grouped together as bacterial vaginosis. Causes Pathogenic
(disease-causing) bacteria such as Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis,
bacteria of the genera Mobiluncus, Prevotella, and Bacteroides cause bacterial
vaginosis.
Smoking, douching, having an V-Tight Gel Intrauterine Device (IUD), and being
sexually active are some factors that have a higher correlation with being
afflicted by bacterial vaginosis. Symptoms Yellow discharge from the vagina,
which is also foul-smelling, is sometimes described as 'fishy'. The discharge
may also be gray or white in color, and it increases after sexual intercourse.
There may be pain during intercourse and while urinating. The symptoms may vary
from person to person. Treatment Several drugs are effective in treating this
condition. They can be taken orally or topically applied. Among the drugs
administered orally, metronidazole is the drug of choice (taken as a single
large dose or twice daily) for about a week. Tinidazole (as a single dose) or
clindamycin (taken two times a day for a week) are also effective. Moreover, metronidazole
and clindamycin in the form of intravaginal creams or gels are used, but they
are not an alternative to oral treatment. Both the forms of medicines (oral and
topical) are taken in combination to treat the condition. Vulvovaginitis It is
an inflammation of the vulva (external genitals organs) as well as the vagina.
There are several reasons why this area may become inflamed, ranging from
common infections to chemical irritants in various substances. Vulvovaginitis
is common in young girls because of inadequate hygiene, or because of chemicals
in bath products. Causes There are many factors that can cause irritation to
the sensitive area of the external genitalia. Infections caused by various
bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses, pinworms, chemicals in perfumed soaps,
powders, bubble baths, detergents, fabric softeners, sprays, etc., all cause
the body to activate its inflammatory processes, which leads to itching
sensation and swelling in the affected area.
If a foreign body (such as a
tampon and an intrauterine device) remains too long in the reproductive tract,
it might encourage the bacteria to grow. Symptoms Itching of the labia (skin
folds surrounding the vagina), vagina and skin near the anus is a common
symptom. Swelling and redness are observed, aggravated further by scratching of
the area to relieve the itch. A yellow, green or clumpy foul-smelling vaginal
discharge is often a symptom of vulvovaginitis. A burning sensation while
urinating and pain in the affected areas is another common symptom of this
condition. Treatment For vulvovaginitis caused due to an infection,
antibiotics, antifungal drugs, and other antibacterials are administered orally
or topically to treat the infection. To manage the inflammation, steroids and
antihistamines are given. Certain home remedies are also very effective in
soothing inflamed skin. Adding half a cup of vinegar or about 10 grams of
baking soda to your bath, can prove to be quite beneficial. Cervicitis It is an
inflammation of the cervix (descending portion of the uterus leading to the
vagina). High-risk sexual activities, intercourse at a very early age, having
multiple sexual partners, etc., increase the likelihood of contracting this
condition. Causes Infections caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc., can lead
to cervicitis. An allergy to a certain chemical in spermicides and condom latex
can also inflame the cervix. Foreign bodies (cervical cap, cervical diaphragm,
IUD, etc.) are also implicated as one of the causes of this condition. The
level of estrogen in the body declines after menopause, and most women's bodies
gradually adjust to the change. Some women, however, are affected to a greater
extent by this estrogen withdrawal, and they develop inflammation of the
cervix.
Symptoms A woman suffering from this condition may be asymptomatic.
However, some may have symptoms such as bleeding, pain, a burning sensation and
discharge. Women suffering from cervicitis may experience pain during sexual
intercourse, while urinating, and in the vagina at other times. There may be
bleeding after intercourse and a yellow discharge (may also be greenish) with a
strong disagreeable odor. Treatment Antibiotics (for bacterial infections),
antiviral drugs (for herpes infection) and antimicrobial agents for other
infections are employed for dealing with the microbe that has caused the
infection in each case. Replacement of hormones, such as estrogen, to post
menopausal women who have cervicitis because of lack of estrogen may be given,
but it is risky in the long term. If all these measures fail to bring relief,
laser therapy, cauterization or cryosurgery of the inflamed tissue is done.
Trichomoniasis It is an infection caused by the protozoan Trichomonas
vaginalis. It is classified as a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Pregnant
women who have trichomoniasis run the risk of preterm delivery. Being infected
with this protozoan also increases the chance of contracting HIV. This is
because the genital area becomes inflamed and more permeable. Causes A common
protozoan Trichomonas vaginalis is the causative agent of this infection,
acquired mostly through sexual contact with an infected individual.
Men can get
it too, but their symptoms aren't as severe, comparatively, as that of women.
Symptoms Intense itching in the external genitals, swelling, redness, a burning
sensation, and difficulty while urinating are some of the symptoms of this
infection. The vaginal discharge is 'frothy' or 'foamy', apart from being
yellow-green in color. It is also quite foul-smelling. Treatment Metronidazole
or Tinidazole are the standard drugs for the treatment of trichomoniasis.
Consumption of alcohol after taking these drugs provokes intense nausea,
vomiting, and stomach upset. People undergoing treatment are advised to avoid
sexual activity till completion of the treatment. Vaginal Candidiasis This is a
very common infection, caused by the fungus, Candida albicans. It is also known
as vaginal yeast infection. It is uncommon for candidiasis to be acquired
through sexual activity. Rather, factors such as taking steroids (which weaken
the immune system), antibiotics, and other such substances create the necessary
conditions in which the fungi grows. Causes The fungus Candida albicans, which
is quite ubiquitous, causes this infection. All fungi find warm, moist
environment conducive for their growth and C. albicans is no exception. This is
the reason why wearing tight clothes and synthetic undergarments often cause
candida infections.
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